Medical spas strive to blend the better of two worlds—a relaxing spa experience with the procedures and expertise typically only found at a doctor’s office.

Wondering if a medical spa is the right place for you to get your treatments done? Here are answers to some common questions about medical spas.

The biggest differences between a traditional day spa and a medical spa are the types of procedures that are offered. Medical procedures that can’t be done at the average day spa can be performed at the medical spa.

Unlike day spas, medical spas must be affiliated with, overseen, or run by a medical doctor. While not every procedure is done by a doctor, they are performed under the supervision of the doctor, most often a dermatologist or plastic surgeon.

Medical spas also offer more specialized treatments that are typically only found at a dermatology or plastic surgery clinic. Some of the more common offerings include light and laser treatments, injectables like Juvederm, Restalyne, and Botox, as well as chemical peels.

As for acne treatment, you can find these at the medical spa too. Medical spas offer procedures to treat breakouts, lighten post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, reduce scarring, and improve the overall appearance of the skin.

Quality over quantity

What treatments are on the menu at the med spa? While there are some larger med spas that have a very long list of treatment options and can perform each and every treatment with expert skill, you often can be better served by a med spa that has more carefully tailored their treatment list. This could be a sign that they have carefully reviewed the aesthetic treatment options out there and selected the ones they find are most effective.

These treatments includes but not limited to:

• Derma fillers– help to diminish facial lines and restore volume and fullness in the face.

As we age, our faces naturally lose subcutaneous fat. The facial muscles are then working closer to the skin surface, so smile lines and crow’s feet become more apparent.

The facial skin also stretches a bit, adding to this loss of facial volume. Other factors that affect the facial skin include sun exposure, heredity and lifestyle.

What dermal fillers can do

1. Plump thin lips
2. Enhance shallow contours
3. Soften facial creases and wrinkles
4. Improve the appearance of recessed scars
5. Reconstruct contour deformities in the face
6. Decrease or remove the shadow of the lower lids

Dermal fillers can be very helpful in those with early signs of aging, or as a value-added part of facial rejuvenation surgery.

• Nonsurgical and minimally invasive options for fat reduction include technology that uses heat or cooling or an injected medication to reduce fat cells. While none of these treatments are a replacement for liposuction, they provide options for patients unwilling or unable to undergo surgery. Nonsurgical fat reduction options use a variety of modalities, including ultrasound, radio frequency, infrared light, vacuum massage and injectable medication.

Among the procedures that comprise nonsurgical fat reduction are cryolipolysis (e.g., CoolSculpting), injection lipolysis (e.g., Kybella), radiofrequency lipolysis (e.g., Vanquish) and laser lipolysis (e.g., SculpSure).

Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not have any of the aforementioned procedures.

• Laser hair removalis a noninvasive technique that uses highly concentrated light to penetrate hair follicles. The laser light is absorbed by the pigment in the hair shaft in the follicle-generating heat which damages the follicle to inhibit future hair growth. Therefore, plucking hair before treatment reduces the efficacy of the laser treatment as the target is absent.

Because laser hair removal only affects actively growing hair follicles, it may take several laser hair removal treatments to provide significant hair reduction. Additionally, while laser hair removal effectively slows hair growth, it doesn’t guarantee permanent hair removal. Periodic maintenance treatments may be needed.

Is laser hair removal permanent?

Although laser hair removal reduces the number of unwanted hairs in a given area, it doesn’t get rid of them completely. When the hair grows back, they will be finer, lighter, and fewer in number. Most people require between four and six sessions, and occasional maintenance may be required.

Laser hair removal uses laser beams to heat up and damage the hair follicles, which temporarily halts hair production. Most commonly, laser hair removal is used to treat the face, body, legs, armpits and pubic area.

• Laser skin resurfacing, also known as a laser peel, laser vaporization and lasabrasion, can reduce facial wrinkles, scars and blemishes. Newer laser technologies give your plastic surgeon a new level of control in laser surfacing, permitting extreme precision, especially in delicate areas.

What laser skin resurfacing can improve

1. Fine lines or wrinkles around or under your eyes, forehead or mouth
2. Scars from acne or chickenpox
3. Non-responsive skin after a facelift
4. Aged or sun-damaged skin
5. Liver spots
6. Improve your complexion if you have yellowish or grayish skin tones
7. Warts
8. Birthmarks such as linear epidermal nevi
9. Enlarged oil glands on the nose

How does laser skin resurfacing work?

It’s all about using beams of light. Your surgeon uses the laser to send short, concentrated pulsating beams of light at irregular skin. This removes unwanted, damaged skin in a very precise manner one layer at a time. Laser skin resurfacing’s targeted approach means there are fewer problems with hypopigmentation, or a lightening of skin, for procedures such as laser acne scar removal.

The laser beam used in laser resurfacing will remove your outer layer of skin, called the epidermis. It simultaneously heats the underlying skin, called the dermis. This action works to stimulate growth of new collagen fibers. As the treated area heals, the new skin that forms is smoother and firmer.

• Tattoo removalcan be achieved in a number of ways, ranging from laser treatments, chemical peels, dermabrasion and surgical excision.

How does tattoo removal work?

Lasers are the most common method of tattoo removal performed today. Tattoos consist of thousands of particles of tattoo ink suspended in the skin. The normal human immune system typically removes small foreign particles from the skin. Tattoo ink particles are too big to be removed by this system and are thus considered permanent. The use of lasers helps to break up these particles into smaller pieces that can be removed by the immune system.

Laser treatments work by targeting the ink particles in the skin with highly concentrated light waves that heat up the ink particles and cause them to fragment into smaller particles that are able to be cleared away by the body’s immune system.

Complete removal of a tattoo is usually not accomplished in one laser treatment session. Laser tattoo removal typically requires more than one treatment to reduce the size of the ink particles and make it easier for them to be dispersed by the immune system.

Does tattoo removal hurt?

There is some degree of discomfort when getting a tattoo removed, although the pain is relatively manageable. Sometimes, skin numbing can be used to help make the pain more tolerable.

Tattoo removal healing

It will take some time for the skin to heal after tattoo removal. Most side effects are temporary, with the most common reactions being redness, swelling, bruising, scabbing and tenderness. Most of the time these reactions resolve within a week.

All the dermatology experts at supreme dermatology and specialist hospital are highly qualified to attend to any and all alterations to the skin, mucus, nails and hair that may involve an abnormality in their appearance or functionality.

Clinical dermatology encompasses all skin disorders and diseases as well as the manifestations which occur in the skin but which originate in another part of the body.

There are about 1500 distinct skin diseases and many variants.

Skin diseases are classified in various ways.

• Site of involvement such as facial rashes, lesions on sun-exposed sites
• Pathogenesis (when known) such as genetic abnormalities, infectious aetiology or autoimmune mechanisms
• Main structure affected such as epidermal diseases, abnormalities of melanocytes, vascular changes.

Most dermatological conditions are highly visible and may invoke disgust, shame and self-consciousness that can have profound psychosocial effects. Disfigurement can result in negative self-perception, depression, social rejection and social isolation related to unfavorable self-image. Emotional abuse, verbal abuse and bullying may take place. These in turn can lead to self-contempt, frustration and torment leading to deliberate self-harm or even suicide (a recognized complication of disfiguring skin conditions such as acne).

• Skin conditions affecting the face may require aggressive treatment even if they are clinically relatively mild.
• Disturbance of body image is particularly serious if it arises during childhood or adolescence, as is the case for birthmarks, atopic eczema and acne.
• Patients with body dysmorphic disorder (dysmorphophobia) believe they are ugly, unattractive or even repulsive despite a normal appearance. Preoccupation with their appearance may be a sign of obsessional-compulsive disorder and may lead to severe depression.

Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital is designed to provide a comprehensive range of medical and surgical treatment for skin, hair and nail related problems. Our skin treatment experts are highly specialized in treating a wide range of skin issues, including acne, eczema, psoriasis, skin cancer, and various infections. Our expert dermatologists combine medical expertise and technological advancements to offer comprehensive skin care, addressing both medical conditions and enhancing the skin’s appearance through cutting-edge procedures and non-invasive treatments.

Cases our experts manage includes but not limited to:

• Acne
• Actinic keratosis
• Age spots
• Bullous pemphigoid
• Dermatitis
• Dermatomyositis
• Eczema
• Hair diseases
• Hair loss
• Hemangioma
• Hidradenitis suppurativa
• Hives
• Hyperhidrosis
• Keloid
• Lichen planus
• Melanoma
• Moles
• Morphea
• Nail diseases
• Pigmentation disorders
• Polymorphous light eruption
• Psoroiasis
• Pruritus
• Rosacea
• scleroderma
• Skin cancer
• Sun burn
• Vitiligo
• Wrinkles

Ready to make a change? Call +2348101407128 to schedule a consultation with one of our board-certified dermatologists or book your appointment now on the website.

With our specialized training and experience, pediatric dermatologists know what’s normal growth and development in a child, and when to worry. Pediatric dermatologists are experts in the correct diagnosis and management of childhood skin diseases, including proper pediatric medication management.

Our pediatric dermatology team offers some of the newest technology in lasers, in particular for the treatment of vascular birthmarks such as port-wine stains and hemangiomas. Sedation or topical anesthetics are used to make these procedures more comfortable for children.

Skin Conditions We Treat

• Acne
• Alopecia
• Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema
• Autoimmune skin diseases
• Birthmarks
• Blistering disorders
• Congenital and acquired moles
• Dermatologic conditions affecting skin of color
• Genodermatoses
• Hair and nail conditions in children
• Hemangiomas
• Hyperhidrosis
• Laser treatment of birthmarks
• Mastocytosis
• Moles
• Pediatric melanoma
• Port wine birthmarks
• Psoriasis
• Restorative skin care after medical or surgical intervention
• Vascular malformations

Ready to make a change? Call +2348101407128 to schedule a consultation with one of our board-certified dermatologists or book your appointment now on the website.

It mainly deals with the treatment of damaged skin under local anesthesia. It is purely clinic based processing. Initially, an evaluation is performed to analyze how much skin is under damage and how it should be treated or cured. Apart from this, a full body examination will be recommended to know about the health of the patient. This helps a surgeon in providing the patient with information and instructions. Soft tissue damages are treated using suitable lasers or surgeries. It helps in regenerating tissues. The tools used in this treatment are chemical peels, radio frequency waves, lasers, mid-infrared light etc. Lasers can treat hair removal, acne scar, vascular lesions, tattoo removal, pigmented birthmarks.

Who is eligible for the treatment? (When is the treatment done?)

Persons who are having skin problems which worsen the appearance and abnormal hair growth, scars, acne, and pigmented marks are eligible for Dermato-surgery. A surgeon will evaluate your skin conditions and then decides the type of treatment. The eligibility for the treatment for the disease can be best diagnosed by the specialist doctor. It is therefore advised that the patient consults the doctor before undergoing any specific treatment. Doctors on examining the conditions shall decide the eligibility for the treatment.

We offer various dermato-surgery procedures which include but not limited to the following:

1. Biopsies: certain skin conditions are analyzed using Biopsies. The three main types of biopsy are shave biopsies which remove a top layer of skin as small sections. When deeper layers are removed in circular section, it is called punch biopsies and when entire abnormal skin is removed it is known as excision biopsies.
2. Chemical peels: A chemical solution is first applied to the skin. This causes the skin layer to peel off leaving behind a new layer of smoother regenerated skin. generally, this is used to treat skin which is damaged in the sun and affected by acne. Also, this can treat age spots and underlines of eyes.
3. Cosmetic injections: injections are given to reduce wrinkles, scarring, and facial dullness. Botulinum toxin or fillers are injected to treat the same.
4. Cryotherapy: this is performed to treat skin warts. Liquid nitrogen is used to freeze skin lesions which can destroy affected cells in the skin.
5. Laser surgery: various skin complaints such as warts, moles, tattoos, scars, wrinkles, unwanted hair, and birthmarks are treated using the special beam of light.
6. Dermabrasion: skin patches, wrinkles, and scar tissues are removed using a high-speed rotating brush.
7. Excisions of lesions: lesions are removed to prevent infection, disease spreading, treat symptoms. General anesthesia is given to numb the area where lesions are to be removed.
8. Skin grafts and flaps: often missing skin can be replaced using the skin from some other parts of the body. A skin graft or flap is created from tissue near the area of skin loss.
9. Tumescent liposuction: excess fat from the body is removed using tumescent liposuction. Local anesthesia is injected into fatty tissue, which is then sucked to remove the fat. Also, lasers can be used to burn fat cells and remove the tumescent fluid.
10. Vein therapy: some time spider veins, small dilated surface veins are removed for cosmetic purposes. The treatment for spider vein removal is Sclerotherapy. A chemical solution is injected into the target vein which will irritate the vein making it less distinct or disappear completely.

Ready to make a change? Call +2348101407128 to schedule a consultation with one of our board-certified dermatologists or book your appointment now on the website.

Our surgery Units include but not limited to:

Endocrinology is the study of hormones. Hormones are essential for our every-day survival. They control our temperature, sleep, mood, stress, growth and more.

An endocrinologist is a doctor that treats diseases related to problems with hormones. A hormone is a chemical messenger that travels from one cell to another. Hormones are released in one part of the body, travel in the blood stream and have an effect on other part of the body. This helps different parts of the human body to communicate with each other. Not all glands are classified as endocrine glands; for example, sweat glands or lymph glands are not endocrine glands.

Certain glands in your body called endocrine glands make and release hormones. Glands are special tissues in your body that create and release substances. The endocrine glands in your body include:

• Adrenal glands.
• Parathyroid glands.
• Pineal gland.
• Pituitary gland.
• Thyroid gland.

You also find that problems with hormones and the way they work contribute to some of the major diseases of mankind; for example, diabetes, thyroid conditions, pituitary conditions, some sexual problems, some neurological problems, appetite and obesity, bone problems, cancer, etc.

There are whole sub-specialties devoted to specific areas where hormones work. For example:

• Pediatric endocrinology, looking at hormones in children
• Thyroid endocrinology, looking at how the thyroid affects metabolism
• Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, where chemicals which mimic the effects of hormones are present in the environment
• Comparative endocrinology, which looks at the way similar hormones work in different species (e.g. from insects, through to fish, birds, mammals, etc)

At supreme dermatology and specialist hospital, our endocrinologist can diagnose and treat several different conditions that affect your endocrine system. This section will group several — but not all — conditions that our endocrinologists treat into the following categories:

Diabetes and metabolic conditions.

Endocrine cancers and tumors.

Thyroid conditions.

Metabolic conditions.

Sexual development, function and reproduction conditions.

Calcium and bone conditions.

Getting a new diagnosis can be overwhelming. If you have a condition that affects your endocrine system, such as diabetes or thyroid disease, endocrinologist at Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital can help you manage and treat your condition. They’re experts in their field and have up-to-date knowledge on medications, procedures and technology that can help you.

Cardiology is a branch of medicine that concerns diseases and disorders of the heart, which may range from congenital defects through acquired heart diseases such as coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure.

Physicians who specialize in cardiology are called cardiologists and they are responsible for the medical management of various heart diseases. Cardiac surgeons are the specialist physicians who perform surgical procedures to correct heart disorders.

Our experienced cardiologist will do a physical exam and discuss your symptoms, medical history and family history with you. It’s important to let your cardiologist know if other people in your family have had heart problems because that can increase the chances of you having a heart problem.

Some basic information can give your cardiologist valuable information about your cardiovascular health, such as your:

Weight.

Blood pressure.

Cholesterol levels.

Blood glucose (sugar) levels.

At our hospital, we treat a wide range of heart and vascular problems, including:

Atherosclerosis.

High blood pressure.

High cholesterol.

Angina (chest pain).

Sudden cardiac arrest.

Heart failure.

Heart attack.

Blood clots.

Atrial fibrillation and other heart rhythm disorders.

Endocarditis.

Cardiogenic shock.

Heart abnormalities.

Cardiomyopathy.

Congenital (from birth) conditions.

Problems with your aorta (aneurysm, stenosis).

WHAT TO EXPECT

The cardiologist will do a physical exam, paying special attention to listening to your heart. Be ready to answer questions about your family history and your own medical history. The cardiologist will want to know if your siblings, parents or others in your family have had heart problems. Having this information can help your cardiologist know what types of heart problems you could have.

Questions may include:

How long have you been having these symptoms?

What does it feel like when you have symptoms (mild pain, sharp pain)?

What were you doing when your symptoms started (resting, exerting yourself)?

Does anything help you feel better when you have symptoms?

Have you had a heart procedure or surgery in the past?

Do you have records of any scans?

What medicines are you taking now?

You may need a cardiologist if you’re having a problem with your heart or blood vessels. Cardiologists at Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital can help you manage and treat your condition. They’re experts in their field and have up-to-date knowledge on medications, procedures and technology that can help you.

The Obstetrics and Gynecology department is the center for female health. Illnesses dealing with the female reproductive system and also the management and care of pregnant women are handled in this Department. OB-GYNs provide a wide range of preventive care services, including pap smears, STI testing, pelvic exams, ultrasounds, and blood work.

Our OB-GYNs are trained surgeons who perform a wide range of procedures, including:

• cesarean sections
• instrumental deliveries during childbirth
• a hysterectomy
• removing growths, such as ovarian cysts and uterine fibroids
• surgery to repair pelvic organ injuries
• pap smears to test for cervical cancer
• STI tests
• fertility treatments, such as egg retrievals for IVF or egg-freezing
• pelvic ultrasounds to check the pelvic organs and monitor pregnancy
• infertility treatments and counseling
• management of urinary issues, such as urinary tract infections and urinary incontinence
• treating common problems, such as anemia
• breast exams and breast health management, including mammograms and other breast cancer screenings

It is highly recommended that a woman should first visit an OB-GYN between the ages of 13 and 15. Women should have their first pelvic exam and Pap test around the age of 21 or when they first become sexually active.

It is also recommended that all women see their gynecologist annually for a well-woman visit. The specific tests a person needs at each visit vary with age, lifestyle, and health risk factors.

Our OB-GYNs at Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital are experts in their field and have up-to-date knowledge on medications, procedures and technology that can help you.

It’s never too late to start caring for your skin. When genetics, age, lifestyle and environmental exposure (including your time in the sun) take their toll, we’re here to help you rediscover the more vibrant, youthful, healthier version of yourself. Whether you want to step up your at-home skin care routine or explore the world of medical cosmetic face and body treatments, we are here to help.

Many cosmetic procedures can make a big difference in a small amount of time, with little to no downtime. From skin rejuvenation to cosmetic surgery, to hair restoration and more, achieving your goals may be easier than you think. Trust Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital with all your cosmetic dermatology needs, head to toe.

Experts in cosmetic Dermatology at Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital offer the following procedures which include and not limited to:

• Microneedling, an increasingly popular treatment option for skin rejuvenation, delivers small needle punctures into your skin to stimulate collagen production and your skin’s natural healing process in a minimally invasive manner. You can opt to boost your outcome with the addition of plasma therapy. Plasma therapy triggers greater collagen production which helps tighten and smooth your skin to improve its tone and texture.
• Dermabrasion, microdermabrasion and dermaplaning are exfoliating skin rejuvenation treatments that can be performed on small areas or the entire face, neck and décolleté. They can be used as stand-alone treatments or in combination with other therapies to improve skin texture, scars and visible signs of aging. Your Cosmetic Surgery professional can suggest which will work best for your skin, based on factors including your skin type, skin condition and medical history.
• Chemical peels remove damaged outer layers of skin, to reveal healthier, new skin beneath. If your goal is to improve your skin’s texture and tone, decrease the look of lines and wrinkles, and have a healthier, more youthful appearance, then a chemical peel may be just what you need. Supreme Dermatology aesthetician expert will recommend a medical facial, chemical peel, or a combination to produce the best results for you.
• Clinical scar reduction therapies can significantly diminish the appearance of acne scars, stretch marks, and others. They include topical therapies, dermal fillers, microdermabrasion and dermabrasion, as well as laser and microneedling treatments.
• Hair and scalp treatment – Your hair is a statement of your individuality and losing it can be devastating to your self-esteem. It helps insulate and protect you. Our non-surgical and surgical hair restoration treatments, hair and scalp treatment products can help and Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital has some of the nation’s leading hair restoration experts on our team to find the right solutions for you.
• Sun spot, age spot and other pigmented lesion removal – Many people develop brown lesions of their skin from chronic sun exposure, time, and other factors. These can appear on the face, hands, upper chest, and other locations and tend to make the skin look prematurely old.

At Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital, we offer a variety of Cosmetic Dermatology procedures.

Ready to make a change? Call +2348101407128 to schedule a consultation with one of our board-certified dermatologists or book your appointment now on the website.

These products are dermatologically tested and highly effective for treatment of various skin conditions like Acne, Eczema, Psoriasis, Pityriasis versicolor, atopic dermatitis, exudative and impetiginized skin conditions. These products do not only treat your skin conditions, it also leaves your skin glowing, healthy and smooth.

Dermatologically tested products you can purchase at Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital include:

• Cleansing bars
• Bleach bath
• Face wash
• Toners
• Serum
• Cream (face and body)
• Sunscreen
• Fragrances
• Intimate wash
• Retinols
• Salicylic acid wash
• Benzoyl peroxide wash
• Vanishing cream
• Ivermectin soap

Ready to make a change? Call +2348101407128 to schedule a consultation with one of our board-certified dermatologists and get the best skincare products!

Allergy cases we treat at Supreme Dermatology and Specialist

Our allergy specialist diagnoses and treats a broad range of allergic conditions, which include:

• Allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
• Anaphylaxis (a serious, life-threatening allergic reaction)
• Angioedema and hereditary angioedema (rapid swelling beneath the skin)
• Asthma
• Atopic eczema
• Drug allergies
• Food allergies
• Insect venom allergies
• Latex rubber allergies
• Medication allergies
• Nasal polyposis (soft, non-cancerous growths in nasal passage)
• Hives(rashes on skin)
• Multiple allergies (asthma, eczema and allergic rhinitis together)

Treatment methods to expect

• A skin prick test: checks for immediate allergic reactions to as many as 50 different substances at once. This test is usually done to identify allergies to pollen, mold, pet dander, dust mites and foods.
• A patch test: Screen for allergic contact dermatitis, a condition that can be caused by allergies to metals such as nickel and gold; chemicals such as additives in cosmetics and household items; and occupational allergens such as rubber, dyes, foods, drugs, and other items one may come into contact with.
• Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) testing: Measures airway inflammation in diagnosing and treating asthma.
• Allergen component testing: Evaluates patient reactions to a variety of food allergens, including nuts, milk, and eggs.
• Allergen immunotherapy: treatment used to desensitize patients to environmental allergens such as dust, pollen, and pets. May be delivered via injection, drops, and oral medications.
• Comprehensive immune function testing:  Laboratory tests used to analyze blood components and assess the immune system.
• Allergy challenge testing: Used primarily to test for suspected food and medication allergies, including to antibiotics and local anesthetics.
• Insect allergy testing: Used to evaluate someone’s risk of having a life-threatening allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to insect stings and bites, such as those from bees and fire ants.
• Pulmonary function tests (PFTs):  Used to evaluate lung health in the assessment of allergies, asthma, and other lung problems.
• Rhinolaryngoscopy:  Performed with a flexible fiberoptic endoscope to assess conditions such as sinus disease, cough, vocal cord dysfunction and laryngopharyngeal reflux. Also called rhinoscopy.
• Targeted biologic therapies:  Made from living organisms and used to treat conditions such as severe asthma, hives, eczema, and nasal polyps.

Are you experiencing any allergic reaction? Say goodbye to allergies and hello to a healthier, happier you! Allergologists at Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital is here to support your journey to better health. Call +2348101407128 to schedule a consultation with one of our board-certified Allergologist.

Infections are classified as:

• Protozoa, arthropods and helminths Parasitesare organisms that live within or on another organism, the host, at whose expense they obtain some advantage such as nourishment. This group of pathogens includes the protozoa (single-celled organisms more complex than bacteria) and the helminthes (multicellular organisms commonly referred to as worms).

Thus, parasites can range all the way from microscopic protozoa up to worms that reach three feet long. The environment in which parasites can live is spectacularly diverse: different types of protozoa may set up housekeeping in red blood cells, white blood cells (including those that are normally responsible for killing intruding microorganisms), muscle cells, brain cells, heart cells, liver cells and others, or they may live extracellular in such sites as the blood, tissues or mucosal secretions.

Incredibly, some types of worms may also live within cells, but for the most part they live extracellularly within the gut, the blood, the lymphatics, or tissues of the skin, eyes and elsewhere.

• Fungi Cutaneous dermatophyte infections are limited to the superficial layers of the epidermis. Tropical and subtropical regions of the world provide warm and humid climates and therefore a favorable environment for organisms causing superficial dermatophyte infections.
• Viruses are minute infectious agents that generally consist only of genetic material covered by a protein shell. They only replicate within cells, which provide the synthetic machinery necessary to produce new virus particles.
• Bacteria (singular = bacterium) are more complex than viruses, containing genetic information and much of the equipment necessary to produce energy and replicate independently. Some bacteria, however, can only reproduce when growing inside a cell, from which they derive required nutrients

Supreme Dermatology and Specialist Hospital is a center of excellence offering comprehensive pre-travel advice, an emergency walk-in clinic, and a post travel infection screening to thousands of travelers each year.

In addition to the offer of vaccinations and antimalarial medication offered by most pre-travel services, we give bespoke advice for people of all ages, including those with underlying health concerns and complex travel itineraries.

The emergency walk-in clinic provides ‘while you wait’ assessments, diagnosis and treatment for people returning from tropical locations within the last six months who have symptoms such as fever, rash or diarrhoea.

The post-travel infection screening service offers a range of investigations (blood, stool and urine) for people who have returned from abroad and are worried they may have been exposed to infections whilst away. This is an appointment only service and is not suitable for people with symptoms of infection.

The service is delivered by a team of specialist doctors and nurses with expertise in travel and tropical health.

Our specialists will order laboratory tests that will check the blood, urine and throat and also ask for stool samples. There may also take a spinal tap, which is a procedure that obtains a sample of the cerebrospinal fluid using a needle that is inserted between the bones of the lower spine. Imaging scans such as X-rays, computerized tomography and MRI scans can also help in diagnosis. Biopsies may be required to take a sample of tissue from an internal organ for testing.

You may need this type of surgery if you have:

• Birth defects, such as webbed fingers, cleft lip and palate.
• Burns.
• Certain medical conditions, like head and neck cancer or breast cancer.
• Scars that prevent natural movement.
• Severe injuries, like cuts or tears over large areas of skin.

Our Plastic surgeons perform plastic and reconstructive surgery which includes and not limited to the following:

• Facelift– Rhytidectomy, a surgical procedure commonly known as a facelift, involves the removal of excess facial fat, the tightening of facial muscles, and the stretching of facial skin to approximate a smoother, firmer facial appearance. The procedure takes place on either the face, neck, or both.

• Brow/forehead lift– A forehead lift is the surgical removal of excess fat and skin, as well as a tightening of the muscles in the forehead area. It can correct sagging brows or deep furrows between the eyes. It is often done in conjunction with a facelift, in order to create a smoother facial appearance overall.

• Eyelid lift– The tone and shape of eyelids can loosen and sag with time. An eyelid lift, or blepharoplasty, can correct this. During the procedure, your physician surgically removes excess fat, muscle and skin from both the upper and lower eyelids to redefine the shape of the eye.
• Upper eyelids: Excess skin in the upper eyelids can result in a tired appearance or can result in difficulty seeing the top portion of your field of vision. Sometimes, blepharoplasty surgery for the upper eyelid is for cosmetic reasons, while in other cases the surgery is medically necessary to allow you to see well.
• Lower eyelids: Blepharoplasty in the lower eyelid is usually a cosmetic procedure to improve the shape, contour and appearance of loose skin, bulging fat and irregular shape.

• Ear pinning– Ear surgery, or otoplasty, is a type of cosmetic plastic surgery procedure aimed at setting prominent ears closer to the head, or reducing the size of larger ears.

However, there are other ear problems that can be helped with surgery, including the following:

• Lop ear – when the tip of the ear folds down and forward.
• Cupped ear – a very small ear.
• Shell ear – when the curve in the outer rim, as well as the natural folds and creases, are missing.
• Large or stretched earlobes
• Lobes with large creases and wrinkles

• Chin, cheek, or jaw reshaping – Cosmetic plastic surgery to change the shape of the chin, cheek, or jaw may be performed. This procedure is typically done to enhance certain facial features, or to bring a certain aspect of the face into proportion with the rest of the face.

• Cleft lip and cleft palate– Cleft lip is an abnormality in which the lip does not completely form during fetal development. The degree of the cleft lip can vary greatly, from mild (notching of the lip) to severe (large opening from the lip up through the nose). As a parent, it may be stressful to adjust to the obvious abnormality of the face, as it can be very noticeable.

• Breast reconstruction– When you are considering breast reconstruction, you may have more options than you realize. Thanks to our experts in reconstructive surgery, you have the option of choosing how you want to look after breast cancer treatment.

• Breast reduction in men with gynecomastia– Gynecomastia is overdevelopment of the male breast. In response to too much estrogen (a female hormone) or too little testosterone (a male hormone), the glandular tissue of the breast swells and forms a breast bud (enlarged breast).

• Tummy tuck(abdominoplasty)- Abdominoplasty, commonly known as a “tummy tuck” is a procedure that minimizes the abdominal area. During the procedure, the surgeon removes excess fat and skin. A less complex procedure is a partial abdominoplasty, or “mini tummy tuck.” Partial abdominoplasty is ideal for patients who have fat deposits limited to the area below the navel. 

Tummy tuck: Recovery

After the surgery, here’s what you can expect:

• Side effects: You may experience some short-term side effects including a swollen or painful abdomen.
• Healing: The healing is a slow and gradual process. It may take weeks or months to reach a full recovery.
• Scars: At first, the scars may appear to get worse, especially during the first three to six months as they heal. It can take up to a year for scars to flatten out and lighten in color, although they may never completely disappear.
• Complications: Possible complications from the procedure include:
  1. Scarring: There may be scarring if the incision area does not heal properly. We can often correct this with a second operation.
  2. Surgical complications: As with any surgery, there is a risk of infection, blood clots or reaction to the anesthesia.

• Liposuction– Liposuction is a procedure that removes excess fat through a suctioning process. Although it is not a substitute for weight loss, it is a way of changing the body’s shape and contour.Women usually have liposuction performed under the chin, on the hips, thighs, and stomach, and in the under arm and breast areas. Age is not a major factor, although older persons with diminished skin elasticity may not have the same results as persons with tighter skin.
• Chemical peel– We use food sugars and other carefully chosen chemicals to safely peel away some of your old skin, leaving new skin that may be smoother and less wrinkled. In many cases, treatment may require multiple peels. This treatment is designed to enhance the appearance of your skin. For some people, the treatment may help enhance self-confidence too.

• Dermabrasion / dermaplaning– dermabrasion involves the surgeon utilizing a high speed rotating brush to remove the top layer of skin. The size and depth of the scars, as well as the degree of wrinkling, determine the appropriate level of skin that will be surgically sloughed. Dermaplaning is used to treat deep acne scars with a hand-held instrument called a dermatome. The dermatome resembles an electric razor and has an oscillating blade that moves back and forth to evenly “skim” off the surface layers of skin that surround the craters, or other facial defects.

• Collagen/fat injectable fillers– Collagen/fat injectable fillers, also called soft-tissue augmentation, is a cosmetic plastic surgery procedure performed to correct wrinkles, depressions in the skin, and/or scarring. The procedure involves injecting a substance (collagen and/or fat) into the skin in order to plump or fill-up the area being treated.

The result of the procedure is usually not permanent and touch-up injections may be needed every three to 12 months. For some, however, the collagen injections can stimulate the body’s own production of collagen, lengthening the time necessary between follow-up injections.

• Scar revision– A scar revision is a procedure performed on a scar to alter the appearance of the scar. The revision may improve the appearance of the scar or restore function to a part of the body that may have been restricted by the scar. It is important to remember that scars cannot be completely removed.